Clinical Topic: Systemic Lidocaine Improves Recovery

As anesthetists we face the challenge of providing a safe, comfortable and speedy recovery to our patients.  Narcotics improve analgesia at the expense of nausea and speed of recovery.  The use of non-opioid drugs to supplement and reduce the amout of narcotic administered should, in theory, provide a comfortable and speedy recovery.  In this study, the use of systeminc lidocaine was evaluated.

A study published in Anesth Analg 2012, 115(2) 262-7 by De Oliveira GS Jr et al, (Systemic lidocaine to improve postoperative quality of recovery after ambulatory laparoscopic surgery.)  examined the use of systemic lidocaine in 63 female patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery.   Following induction, patients were given a loading dose of lidocaine 1.5 mg/kg followed by an infusion of 2mg/kg/hour for the duration of the case.

Assessment following surgery found that those receiving lidocaine had a decided improvement in the quality of postoperative recovery.   Patients in the Lidocaine group had higher scores in physical independence and comfort with a 23% improvement in global recovery scores.  There was significantly less opioid used in the lidocaine group.  Also, those receiving lidocaine had a 26 min reduction in time to hospital discharge.  Overall, in an outpatient setting, systemic lidocaine offered a definite advantage.

Click here to read an abstract of the original article.

A similar study by US Navy CRNAs (Grady et al, AANA Journal August 1012) followed a similar protocol.  Although not statistically significant, the authors found that those receiving the intravenous lidocaine reported greater satisfaction and comfort than those in the control group. (P=0.08)  Possibly with a larger N this study would also have reached statistical significance

Click here to read the article in the AANA Journal (page 282)

Clinical Topic: Learning Ultrasound Guided Regional Anesthesia

Ultrasound guided regional anesthesia has quickly established itself as the preferred technique for placing blocks.  Several models of ultrasound devices are available and each vendor touts their product as the best.  Time for placement, success of the block and patient satisfaction all reinforce ultrasound guided placement as the method of choice for regional anesthesia.

CME meetings across the country are offering hands on workshops to teach anesthesia providers how to properly use this new technology.  Likewise, Nurse Anesthesia training programs have added ultrasound guided regional anesthesia to the curriculum.  Educators agree that mastering ultrasound technology is important but to date teaching techniques have not been evaluated.

A study by John Gasko, CRNA et al funded by the AANA Foundation and recently published in AANA Journal — August 2012 Supplement  (Effects of Using Simulation Versus CD-ROM in the Performance of Ultrasound-Guided Regional Anesthesia) compares two techniques for teaching ultrasound guided regional anesthesia to Student Nurse Anesthetists.  Students were divided into groups and were taught either by the use of CD-ROM based teaching or by simulation with human subjects.  A third group was taught using a combination of both approaches.

The authors found that there was no difference in learning between those using CD-ROM versus simulation.  However, the study found that a combination of CD-ROM and simulation was clearly more effective than either technique separately.

Click here to read the original article published in the AANA Journal

Click here to learn about how you can support CRNA research through the AANA Foundation.

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CRNA Wellness: Wake-up call

My humorous Native American name for my younger daughter was Face In The Soup.    When she was tired, SHE WAS TIRED, and by the 6:00 p.m. dinner hour, her face went down on the table and it didn’t come up.  As a young mother, I learned quickly to make sure she had received all of life’s necessities before OUR dinner time because no matter what happened in my own life, at 6:00 p.m. her curtain was going down.  If she were now an anesthetist on the job, her adopted name could be Dies on the Table or Puts Patients at Risk.

Chuck Biddle, CRNA, PhD, chief editor of the AANA Journal and multi-published author of sleep deprivation articles, quotes another anesthesia industry sleep expert, June J. Pilcher, when he reports that:  Fatigue caused by lack of adequate sleep results in diminished cognitive function, impaired vigilance, decay in problem-solving ability, degradation in memory, and eroded motivation.
Click here to read the article.

Okay, so I can’t tell you anything that will make the surgeon close that thoracic cavity in time for you to be eating dinner by 6:00, or to watch Dancing With The Stars, or to shower off the sounds, smells and stress from the OR and still drop into bed by 10:00.  But I can give you some simple fitness suggestions for making sleep more useful when your head makes contact with the pillow-top.  People who are fit and healthy sleep better than those who aren’t.  Simple.  True.

Physical exercise is way at the top of ways in which to elevate energy but tire the body in such a manner as to make sleep deeper and easier.  Although it is a personal choice as to what time of day you should do your cardio or tote that bail, you can figure it out in just a few morning or evening trips to the gym, or on the elliptical in front of your Netflix pick.  Morning cardio elevates your metabolism and your heart rate which energizes you for the better part of the day but fatigues you in a pleasant way by or before gall bladder number six.  Doing your cardio before bed does the same thing to metabolism and heart rate so you probably want to take a bit of down time between cardio and vespers.  Some of you may prefer to do a lunchtime cardio on the days it’s possible, a great substitute for pop ‘n pizza.  Try to create some routine so that your body says, “It’s time to cardio; it’s time to eat; it’s time to don the scrubs; it’s time to let down; it’s time to sleep.”

Stretching and crunching before bed is another great way to relax and create routine before the sandman comes.  Tom S. Davis, CRNA,  MAE, likes to say, “Every day that I don’t make time to stretch is one day closer to the day I won’t be able to.”  If you don’t have a designated work-out area at home, keep a Pilates mat, a towel and a 55cm fitball (inflatable stability ball) in your bedroom so that it’s easily available every evening.  Do various crunches that access all areas of the abs followed by a thorough five-minute stretch routine that leaves you feeling loose, relaxed and calm.  Wind down by finishing your toilette routine.  Then crawl in and let go.

Eat dinner right before bed…and you’ll sleep poorly.  Drink coffee right before bed…and you’ll have to interrupt your sleep to offload.  Consume alcohol in excess…and reflux, insomnia and restless sleep will be your companions.  Wear a belly to bed that looks like an eminent delivery, and you’ll wake yourself up with your own snores, not to mention that you’ll be sleeping alone. In short, what you put in your body all day is the very same thing you’ll put into bed that night and your sleep will thrive or dive because of it. Lower the bad fat in your diet, especially lower the sugar, decrease the volume of intake and put down the fork, fingers or chopsticks between every few bites.  Intentional eating of reasonable kinds and amounts of food are your fitness friend, and quality sleep will become a close relative.

Finally, stay away from negative news, time-consuming e-mails, family complaints and anything else that puts your head in a quandry and reduces your tranquility.  Say, “Good-night,” to your honey, calmly go through your affirmations, prayers or meditation minutes and put out your lights.  Six hours, seven hours, preferably eight hours later, your fit, healthy Self will be refreshed and ready to take your life back. Then go pop into the OR bright-eyed and bushy-tailed and clip on your nametag:   Saves The Lives of Others.

Other Tips
Take a power nap during your break.
Don’t stop for restaurant food on the way home.
Don’t drink alcohol.
Avoid drugs and sleep aides.
Get extra sleep BEFORE call.
Avoid arguments.
Split your cardio into morning and evening.
Eat very lightly if it’s late.
Read relaxing lit.
Do Yoga.
Meditate.
Say, “Good-night, Gracie!”

You can visit Liz during your waking hours at www.bdyfrm.com.  Read the motivational, entertaining Lizlines Monday through Friday and watch for her original Lizlimerick once a week.   Ms Liz

Fitnotes
Chuck Biddle, CRNA, PhD, is a professor and staff anesthetist at Virginia
Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia. He is editor in chief of the AANA Journal. Email: cbiddle@hsc.vcu.edu.
Tom Davis, CRNA, MAE is chief nurse anesthetist at Scott and White Medical Center, Temple, Tx and former assistant professor of nurse anesthesia at University of Kansas.  He is the owner of and consultant for Procrna.com.  Email:  tom@swcrna.com